Italian Records (Blackpaint records)

RECORDS ITALY

Libro dell’ Arte – Cennino Cennini (beginning of the 15th century)

How to make various sorts of black. Chapter XXXVII

Know that there are several kinds of black colors. There is a black which is a soft black stone; it is a fat color. Bearing in mind that every lean color is better than the fat one (except that, for gilding, the fatter bole or terre-verte which you get for gilding on panel, the better the gold comes out) let us leave this section. Then there is a black which is made from vine twigs; these twigs are to be burned; and when they are burnt, throw water on them, and quench them; and then work them up like the other black. And this is a color both black and lean; and it is one of the perfect colors which we employ; and it is the whole. ….. There is another black which is made from burnt almond shells or peach stones, and this is a perfect black, and fine. There is another black which is made in this manner: take a lamp full of linseed oil, and light the lamp. Then put it, so lighted, underneath a good clean baking dish, and have the little flame of the lamp come about to the bottom of the dish, two or three fingers away, and the smoke which comes out of the flame will strike on the bottom of the dish, and condense in a mass. Wait a while; take the baking dish, and with some implement sweep this color, that is, this soot, off on to a paper, or into some dish; and it does not have to be worked up or ground, for it is a very fine color. Refill the lamp with the oil in this way several times, and put it back under the dish; and make as much of it in this way as you need.

Marciana Lib. Venice codex it 5545, 1400-1500 (Marciana MS)

305. Nero.

305. Nero. 305. Black.
Piglia noccioli di pesche et fane carboni o vero avorio arso, et fa perfetto nero, etc.
Take peachstones and char them, or burn ivory, which will make perfect black, &c.

329. Modo di fare el nero da stampare e libri optimo.

329. Modo di fare el nero da stampare e libri optimo.
Fa un lanternone largo per ogni verso un braccio et quarto et alto cinque of sei braccia, et incartalo di carta bombagina e pecora non importa ; et da pie fa che habbia uno sportello et mettivi un tre pie et in sul tre pie un tegame ; et nel tegmae due libre di pece greca et metti fuoco nell pece, et serro lo sportello, et fa che el lanternone non sfiati da alcuna parte, et lascia ardere, tutto el fumo che riesce s’appicha per il lanternone, a uso di filiggine ; alhora cava el tegame et el tre pie, et sera lo sportello, poi batti di fuora el lanternone con una bacchetta, et quella materia chascherà in fondo, lasciala riposare, poi la cava er serbala et se tu vuoi meglio nettare il lanternone, in sur una bacchetta legate penne di gallina et spazalo dentro per tutto, et questo serba col primo, et quando voi fara la compositione per istampare, togli vernice fatta da invernicare, quanto migliore è tanto è meglio : ma basta di quella comune che vendono gli spetiali per invernicar legname et ogni cosa : et habbia un menatoio di legno di quegli da fare colla da legnaiuoli, et rimena di questa vernice et mettivi di questa materia, et falla liquida a tuo proposito, et con questa si stampa I libri come tu sai, etc.
329. The mode of making the best black printing ink.
Make a large lantern, two feet and half broad on each side, and ten or twelve feet in height, and cover it with cotton paper or parchment, for one is as good as the other, and let there be a door at the foot of it, and put into it a tripod, and on the tripod a pan, and on the pan two pounds of Greek pitch. Set the pitch on fire, then shut the door ; take care that the lantern is air-tight, and let the pitch burn until it is entirely consumed, when the smoke from it will affix itself to the interior of the lantern like soot ; then take out the earthen pan and the tripod, shut the door, and with a rod beat the outside of the lantern, when the black will to the bottom, leave it to settle there ; then take it out and preserve it for use. But if you wish to clean the lantern more perfectly, tie some hen’s feathers to a rod, and sweep the inside of the lantern with these, and add the black which you thus sweep off to the other black. When you desire to make printing ink, take the varnish which is used for varnishing and the more perfect its quality the better. But in default of other, you may use that common sort which is sold by apothecaries for varnishing wood and similar things, and procure a wooden rod, such as is used in making carpenters’ glue, with which the varnish is to be stirred ; and put some of the black into it, and liquefy as you require it ; and with this you know books are printed, &c.


Bolognese Manuscript (1400-1450)

337. A tegnare le pelle in nero.

337. A tegnare le pelle in nero.
Tolli la pelle concia in scotano et radda ben dal canto de la carne poi tolli una pumice et pumiciala bene poi tolli chiare dova et dalli dal canto che tu hai pumiciato et lassa sciugare poi habbi lo nero fino et dallo cum lo penello sopra a la dicta chiara dova che desti sopra ala pelle et polla a sciugare poi habbi la maestra incorporate cum lolio et dalla sopra a lo nero cum lo penello et polla a sciugare alombria poi la rompe ala torta poi la rompe ala stecca et sera morbida commo seta et la sua maestra sci e aqua de calcina viva mista cum oleo comuno.
337. To dye skins black.
Take the skin prepared with sumach and scrape it on the side of the flesh and rub it well with pumice stone ; then take the whites of egg, and lay them on the side which you have pumiced, and let it dry. Next take fine black, and lay it with a paintbrush upon the white of egg which you laid upon the skin, and let it dry, and then take the maestra mixed up with oil, and lay it upon the black with a paintbrush, and let it dry in the shade, and then break it with the stecca, and it will be like silk, and its maestra is lime water mixed with common oil.

338. A fare tenta negra per tegnare cioe tenta da calzolare fina senza ferro.

338. A fare tenta negra per tegnare cioe tenta da calzolare fina senza ferro.
Ahvve uno caldaro daqua de scotano frugato e falla tanto bullire che calli quatro deta poi ce mectj de lo lozo de rota et bolla tanto che calli coi deta et quando sera fredda cum questa aqua tu porai tegnare la pelle et omne hora sera piu fina tenta.
338. To make a black dye for dyeing skins, that is to say, fine shoemaker’s black, without iron.
Take a boiler full of the juice of sumach, and add to it some dust from a wheel [or grindstone] and let it boil until reduced by two fingers’ breadths in depth ; and when it is cool you may dye the skin with this dye, and every hour it will be a finer dye.

339. A tegnare caprecti in nero fini e belli.

339. A tegnare caprecti in nero fini e belli.
Tolli le pelle et lavale molto bene a 3 o a 4 aque poi torcele et spremile bene alla stecca o ala stroppa tanto che nesca bene quella acqua poi le stende insuso una corda asciugare et per una dozina de pelle de capretti tollj once doi de verzino trito et fallo bollire tanto che manche per mita poi lo leva dal foco et quando sera tepido et tu li comencia a dare el collore et premili bene cum le mano et da luna volta et laltra lassale uno poco sciugare et cosci fa 3 o 4 volte poi la quarta volta pone in nella tint ache hai tinti li caprette uno poco daqua de calcina viva che sia ben chiara et questa e la sua maestra et tinge la quarta volta et polli a sciugare et quando sonno a presso che sciutte et tu li da la stropa tanto che siano sciucte poi tolli uno poco dolio cum una spogna et dallo a li caprette quanto ne ponno portare poi li da la stroppa acio lolio penetra bene le pelle facto questo et tu reingoluppa omne pelle da per se commo uno pane et lassa stare cusi per una nocte poi la da la stroppa de novo et distendile alombra et sonno facte et sappi che quanto piu le remoribiraj cum le mano tanto piu seranno morbidi et cusi cum la stroppa.
339. To dye kidskins a fine and beautiful black.
Take the skins, and wash them very well in three or four waters ; then squeeze them and wring them well in the stroppa until the water is run well out of them. Then stretch them upon a string to dry, and for every dozen of kidskins take 2 oz. of verzino ground, and boil it until it is reduced to one half, and then take it off the fire, and when it is tepid begin to lay the colour on, and squeeze it well with you hands, and each time let the skin dry a little, and do this 3 or 4 times, and the 4th time put a little very clear lime water into the dye with which you dyed the skins, and this is its maestra, and dye them the fourth time, and when they are nearly dry, give them the stroppa until they are dry. Then take a little oil with a sponge, and lay on the kidskins as much of it as they will take, and then give them the stroppa in order that the oil may penetrate well into the skins. When you have done this, roll up each skin into a lump by itself, and let it stand so for a night, and then give them the stroppa again, and spread them out in the shade and they are done. And know, that the more you soften them with you hand or with the hammer, the softer they will be.

340. A tegnare montone o capretto in nero belli et bonj.

340. A tegnare montone o capretto in nero belli et bonj.
Piglia la pelle de capretto o de montone et lavala et storcila tanto che nesca laqua chiara poi tolli galla ben pista che tu senti ala bocha che sia forte et metila in uno pignato et lassa bullire poi lassa fredare che divente tepida poi tollj la pella et gallala bene che ella sia ben gallate poi lavala bene cum laqua frescha et torcila bene che nesca quella aqua poi tolli tenta da calzolare cioe lagrimento et mecti la pelle in la sopradita tenta et lassala mollare per spatio de 4 hore poi la lava multo bene tanto che nesca laqua necta et chiara poi tollj liscia et uno poco dolio et bagna la sopradita pelle et vira morbida ad modo duna seta.
340. To dye sheep or kidskins a fine and good black.
Take the kidskin or sheepskin, and wash it and wring it till the water comes off it clear ; then take galls well pounded which you have proved to be strong by trying them in your mouth, and put them into a pipkin, let them boil, and then let them cool so as to become tepid. Then take the skin and gall it well ; afterwards wash it with fresh water, and squeeze the water well out. Then take the shoemaker’s dye, that is, atramentum ; steep the skin in it and let it soak for the space of 4 hours ; then wash it well, until the water comes off clear and clean. Then take ley and a little oil, and wet the skin with this mixture, and it will become soft as silk.

361. A tegnare sirico negro o refe.

361. A tegnare sirico negro o refe.
Piglia lb ½ de gala bene amachata et cocila in uno caldaro cum aqua che sia cocta bene poi mecte dentro lo sirico a bollire in nella dicta aqua gallate per meza hora poi lo tira for a et pollo a sciutare al sole o al vento poi tolli tre brocche de tenta da calzolare et una broccha de quella aqua gallate et tolli doi petti de loto de rotta et mista omne cosa insiemj et fa bullire per una hora poi lassala refredare et multo bene reschiarare et poi sepera questa aqua chiara dale fecce in uno altro vaso et in questa aqua chiara mecte una oncia e ½ de vitriol ben pisto et pollo a bullire et commo ha bollito per uno quinto dhora et tu ce mectj mezzo bichiero dolio comuno poi ce mectj lo sirico a bullire per meza hora poi tollj via dal foco et lassalo cusi stare per uno di et mezzo poi tiralo for a et lavalo in aqua chiara et torcilo bene poi lo stende al sole et questa tenta dummentre che ella dura e bona per tegnare. Et sappi che lo sirico deve essere sempre cocto et se non fusse cocto no se poria tegnare et cocilo in lo modo sopradicto cum lo sapone et quando lo sirico non fusse cocto se cognosse in questa forma da lo sirico che e cocto se vole mectare lo sirico alla bocha et masticarlo uno poco et fa che sia bagnato cum la saliva et da poi lo sfrega cum li deta et se quella bagnata stride non e cocto.
361. To dye silk and thread black
Take ½ lb. of galls well crushed, and boil them in a cauldron with water, until they are well boiled, and then put in the silk to boil in the decoction of galls for half an hour. Then take it out and let it dry in the sun or in the wind, and then take 3 pitchers of shoemaker’s blacking, and 1 pitcher of the decoction of galls, and two petitti of dust from a grindstone, and mix the whole together and make it boil for an hour. Then let it cool and clear very well, and then separate that clear water from the lees in another vase and add an ounce and a half of well pounded vitriol and set it to boil, and when it has boiled for the fifth part of an hour, add to it half a glass of common oil, and then put in the silk to boil for half an hour. The remove it from the fire and let it remain or so for a day and a half, and then take it out and wash it in clear water and wring it well, and spread it out in the sun, and this dye as long as it lasts is good for dyeing. And know that the silk must be always boiled, and if it has not been boiled it cannot be dyed ; and it must be boiled in the before-mentioned manner with soap. And the silk that has not been boiled is distinguished in the following manner from the silk that has been boiled. Put the silk into your mouth and chew it a little, and let it be wet with the saliva, then rub it with your fingers ; if it rustles while it is wet it is not boiled.

368. A tegnare in nero lo refe

368. A tegnare in nero lo refe


Tolli fuligini raditura de caldaro et ferrj bene aruginatj et fa bullire queste cose in vino vermiglio piu che per mita et quando sera divinuto tepido et tu ce pone lo refe bene callato et sciucho piu volte in essa tinta et vira bello refe nigro.

368. To dye silk black
Take soot, and scrapings of boilers, and well rusted iron, and boil these ingredients in red wine till reduced more than one-half, and when it has become tepid, put in the thread well dipped and dried several times in the dye, and it will become fine black thread.


369. A tegnare guarnello o seta in nero.

369. A tegnare guarnello o seta in nero.
Ahvve una libra de limatura de ferro once 2 de galla bene pista once j et ½ de vitriolo romano scorze de mele granare scorze de radice de noce poi tollj once de 2 verzino ben trito poi tollj aceto bianco forte et fa bullire omne cosa insiemj tanto che torna per quarto et poi lassa fredare pone la dicta decotione al sole per 3 o 4 dj et omne dj lo mista 8 o x volte poi la cola et quando tu vole tegnare mecti a bulire la dicta decotione et metice la seta o panno a bullire dentro per uno quarto dhora et poi lasciuta alombra et commo piu ce la metera piu se fara bella et piu fina.
369. To dye cotton or silk black.
Take 1 lb. of iron filings, 2 oz. of galls well pounded, 1 ½ oz. of Roman vitriol, rinds of pomegranates, bark of the roots of walnut-trees, 2 oz. of verzino well ground, and strong vinegar ; boil all together until reduced to one-fourth, and let the decoction cool, and put it in the sun for 3 or 4 days, stirring it 8 or 10 times every day. Then strain it, and when you wish to dye silk or cotton set the decoction to boil, and boil the silk or cloth in it for a quarter of an hour ; then dry it in the shade, and the more you dip it, the finer and more beautiful it will be.

374. A fare inchostro bono et da scrivare.

374. A fare inchostro bono et da scrivare.
Tolli uno bocale de vino bianco grande et bono et once 4 de galla amachata bene et una manciata de scorze de mele granate seche et una manciata de scorze de ornello fresco rase con lo cortello et una manciata de scorze de raiche de noce fresche poi tollj once 2 et ½ de gomarabice et mistica omne cosa insiemj cum lo sopradicto vino et fa stare per 6 o 8 di al sole et omne di lo mista 4 o 6 volte molto bene poi ce pone doi once et ½ de vitriol romano et mistalo spesso et stia cosci per alcunj di et poi el pone al foco a bullire per spatio duno miserere et lassalo fredare et poi lo cola et metilo doi dj al sole et se ce mectj poi uno poco dalumj de rocho farallo piu lustro assa et vira perfecta et bona intinta da scrivare.
374. To make good writing ink.
Take a bocale of good and strong white wine, 4 oz. of galls well crushed, one handful of dried rinds of pomegranates, one handful of the fresh bark of mountain ash scraped with a knife, and one handful of fresh bark of roots of walnut trees, and 2 ½ oz. of gum Arabic ; mix the whole together with the wine, and let the mixture remain for 6 or 8 days in the sun, stirring it well 4 or 6 times every day. Then add 2 ½ oz. of Roman vitriol, and mix it frequently, and let it remain so for several days ; then put it over the fire to boil for the space of one miserere, let it cool, and then strain it and leave it for 2 days in the sun. If you then put in it a little roche alum it will make it much brighter, and it will be a good and perfect writing ink.

376. A tegnare bosso in nero.

376. A tegnare bosso in nero.
Recipe bussum et eum permicte in oleo cum sulfure per unam noctem et postea permicte bullire per horam unam et fiet nigrum ut carbonem.
376. To dye box wood black.
Take box wood, and leave it for a night in oil and sulphur, then boil it for an hour, and it will be as black as coal.

G. Rosetti. Plictho de l’arte de tentori che insegan tenger pani, telle, banbasi et sede si per l’arthe magiore come per la commune. (1548)

A fare tentura negra de aze, ouero tela. (p. 6)

A fare tentura negra de aze, ouero tela. (p. 6)
Recipe meza quarta venitiana de farina de segala e fa ne leuado come vorresti far pane, e fa che il ditto leuado sia liquid e caldo accio chel se lieui bene, e fa che habbi uno mastello de sei sechi in circha, e poni dentro il ditto leuado con acqua teuida e va destridando apoco apoco ditto leuado ne lacqua si chel sia ben desfatto e piglia lire 75. de moladura piu fina che tu poi aggiongendoli de lacqua tanto calda quanto potrai soffrire la mano nella ditta acqua sic he venghi pieno ouer altro drapo che non possi resiadare o vaporar ditta acqua, e fa che sia ligado ditto drapo e fa che la ditta roba sia messedada doi volte al di, e torna a couerzer come dice di sopra e farai cosi otto giorni, e salualo poi al tuo bisogno chel dura molto: Et nota che come vorrai tenger ti bisogna hauer foglia de ruxo, e auertissi che volendo tenger, per ogni libra di aze, ouer tele che vorrai tenser, ti bisogna hauere una libra del ditto ruxo e mettilo in una calderola ouero paruolo, e fallo andar in acqua al fuoco fina tanto che vogli boglir, e dapoi metti le tue aze ouer tele lissandolo con la mano nella ditta tintura, e uno poco dapoi caualo fuora e sbatilo e cosi farai tre siade dognhora mettendo la tenta da nuouo come fai la prima siada cosi tutte tre: e la terza volta lassalo uno pezzo dentro da per si e dapoi va allaqua de moladura e leuamento e lignaloe con mano come sesti nello ruxo e sempre menando con mano accio che piglia la tintura aualida,e farai questo tre ouer quattro siade tanto che la venghi bene secondo il negro che te pari che la pigli: e dapoi destendi sopra una mazza e lassa sugar che sara fatto.
To make black dyeings on yarn or linens. (p. 95)
Measure one half a Venetian quarta of flour of rye and make a leavening as if you were making bread, and make sure that said leavening be liquid and warm so that it rises well. And have ready a tub of about six buckets, and then put into it said leavening with warm water and dissolve little by little said leavening in the water so that it is well dissolved and take 75 pounds of filings as fine as you can, adding to it water as hot as you can suffer the hand in said water, so that the tub is filled. And cover the said tub with a blanket or other cloth so that there is no cooling or evaporation of said water. And see that said cloth is tied and be sure that said substance is mixed twice a day. And recover as said above. And so you will do for eight days. And save it for your needs because it lasts long. And not as you want to dye you will need to have leaves of blackberry, and be advised, that wishing to dye, for each pound of yarn or linens that you wich to dye, you will need to have one pound of said blackberry and place it into a small cauldron or vessel. And put it in water on the fire until it is ready to boil. And then put in your yarn or linens, swishing by hand in the said dyebath. And a little later take it out and shake so you will do for three times each hour putting it in the dye again. As you run the first time, so you will run all three. And the third time leave it a while inside alone and then go to the water made from the filings and leavening and dip by hand as you did with the blackberry, and always working by hand so that it takes the true shade. And you do this for three or four times so that it becomes right according to the black you think it should become. And later lay it out up on a block and allow to dry and it will be done.

A fare tentura negra. (p. 8)

A fare tentura negra. (p. 8)
Rx uno mastello de acqua che se conza li corami e uno bono cadinello de moladure frescha che sia stata sotto la molla e fa boglir per spacio de una hora e continuando e mesedando al foco accio che non se attacchi e da poi lo metti in uno mastello dentro uno bono cadinello de aceto forte o piu o manco secondo che te pare e dapoi coprilo molto bene e messeda ogni giorno due ouer tre siade al di. Poi quando vorrai tingier torrai ta ta foglia quanta la robba che vorrai tingere a peso e se non bauesti folgia in loco de foglia tanto galetto e fa chel sia il terzo del peso della foglia cio e la terza parte del peso del lauoriero che vogli tenser, si come ti dissi nel rosso e qui dentro metti quello che vorrai tingere e menalo e voltalo per spacio de uno quarto di hora e poi struccola for a con doi bastoni molto forte e dapor torrai del bagno che e nel mastello o vuoi brento dico del chiaro e mettilo in uno vaso ouer cassa/caffa scoperta e menalo e stramenalo o lixandolo e struccollando fuora per spacio de uno quarto di hora e dapoi caua lo for a e fa cosi tre o quatro siade de uno in laltro e dapoi laualo in lacqua corrente nel canal come si solita nella nostra citta, sbattendolo, si che venghi fuor lacqua negra e rimanghi bello e poi mettilo a sugar e come le fatto sel no ti pare bello, fa come baueti inteso di sopra tanto chel venghi bello, e se ti paresse chel stesse bene poni al foco de lacqua tanta che basti per il tuo lauorier, e se stosse una pezza di tela de vinti brazza ponili mezzo quartarole di semola e falla trare uno boglio e poi cauane il chiaro e poi sorrai mezzo sotto de oglio e mettili una cazza di lisia forte e sbatti insieme poi getta ogni cosa nella ditta acqua calda e lissa la ditta tela o altro lauoriero per mano molto bene per spacio de uno quarto di hora, poi lo caua fuora e metti a sugar e mandala al mangano, e se le azze non volle mangano e cosi puo tengier il bocasui(?) sustagno o pignollato e cosi il panno beretino dalla conza in for a e cosi le pelle camozzade o(?) ogni modo eccetto che volle lo bagno tiuido e non troppo caldo perche si guastaria e si da tre volte la tenta per ogni tenta e si asciuga e la terza volta quando sono quasi suttee bisogna stropizzarle ouer struccolarle. Notta che sia che conza si voglia bisogna dargli loglio con una pezza e peuoltare la ditta pelle in ruodolo sic he loglio onzi per tutta la pelle menando bene e non struccolar loglio, e dapoi questo, la darai lo sedo per ongierla e sara fatto.
To make black dyeing. (p. 97-98)
Measure a tub of water that is for the tanning of leather and a full basin of fresh grindings that have been under the grindstone and make boil for the space of one hour, continually mixing at the fire so that it does not stick. Then you put into the tub a full basin of strong vinegar, more or less, according to what you think. Then cover it very well and stir each day two or three times a day. Then when you wish to dye, you will take as much leaf as is the stuff that you wish to dye, by weight. If you should not have leaf, in place of leaf as much gall and do so that it be one third of the weight of the leaf, that is, the one third part of the weight of the workload that you wish to dye, as I told you in the red. Inside put in what you want to dye and handle it and turn it for the space of one quarter hour and then squeeze it out with two sticks strongly. Later take out some bath that is in the tub, or as you wish, cask, I mean some of the clear, and put it in a vessel or uncovered tank and handle it and rehandle it, swishing it and draining out for the space of one quarter hour. Then take it out and do thus three or four times from on to the other. Then wash in the running water of the canal as usual in our city, shaking it so that out will come the black water and it remains beautiful, and then put it to dry. When it is done, if it does not seem beautiful, do as you have understood above until it becomes beautiful. If it appears to you to be well done, set on the fire enough water that suffices for your load. If it be a piece of cloth of twenty arms put in one half “quartarolo” of bran and make it reach a boil. Then remove the clear and then take one half goblet of oil and put it in a ladle of strong lye and beat together. Then throw everything into said hot water and swish said cloth or other work load by hand very well for a space of one quarter hour. Then you remove it and set it to dry and send it to the mangle, but if skeins they need no mangle. And thus can be dyed linen, fustian, homespun, and also the cloth for caps without side dressing and also dressed skins of all kinds excepting that these need the bath to be tepid and not too hot because they would spoil. One gives the color three times for each shade and one dries, and the third time when they are almost dry one needs to straighten or smoothen. Note, that if they be dressed, they need to be given oil with a rag and turning over said skins in a wheel so that the oil seeps through all the skin, handling carefully and not squeezing in the oil. After this you will give the sponge to even it out and thus is is done.

A tenzer panno negro. (p. 10)

A tenzer panno negro. (p. 10)
Rx vitriol e scorza de honaro e componi insieme e fa che se incorpori e di questa mistura farai strato sopra il tuo pano che sia alto tre deda di que sta mistura e dapoi fa che habbi scaglia di ferro e cosi ponerai una mano di quella mistura e una mano di questa scaglia di ferro e dice lautor di que sta recetta che si die fare simile al caso, come si conza le lasagne, e questo chel sia per la terza parte di quelle due misture sopraditte e le alter due parte che sia acqua, si che vadi alla summita di quell vaso doue sera questa mistura e questa die stare per zorni.24.in compositione e dapoi trazerai questa acqua e saluala e dapoi remetti tutta questa acqua che rimanera per altri quattro zorni pure al sopraditto modo, e cauala, e cosi unaltra siada remettila e salua quella fezza, pche la sera bona, I(?)tem tenzi con il galetto, come e ditto disopra alle alter recette, e questa e bona tintura, e se vorrai tinger panno de lana tengi che la mistura sia calda e se vuoi tinger tela vole esser fredda e quello che remano non lo gettar via, perche sera optima per tinger per lauenir perche le meglio che non e la prima.
To dye woolen cloth black. (p. 99)
Measure vitriol and bark of alder and mix together and that they are blended. Of this mixture you will make a layer on your “special” cloth that be three fingers thick of this mixture. Then have a scale of iron and thus you will place one layer of that mixture and one layer of this iron scale. And, says the author of this recipe, one must do so as in the case when one prepares lasagna, so there be one third of those two mixtures above mentioned and the other two parts be water, so that it goes to the summit of the vessel where will be the mixture and this must stay for 24 days in composition. Then draw off this water and save it and replace all this water which then will remain for another four days also in the cited manner. Remove it, and so in another cycle, replace it and save those dregs, because they will be good. Then dye with the gall, as is said above in the other recipes. And this is good dyeing, and if you want to dye woolen cloth, dye so that the mixture is hot. If you want to dye linens it should be cold. What remains do not throw away because it will be excellent to dye in the future because it is better than the first.

A tinger pignoladi ouero sustagni, e tela, o azze in negro. (p. 10)

A tinger pignoladi ouero sustagni, e tela, o azze in negro. (p. 10)
Prima ingalla con il vitriol, e piglia tanta acqua gomata che basta e fa colar, come la comenza a boglire metti dentro il vitriol e fa che boglia per spacio de doi miserere, e leuali il foco e metti a refredar, e dapoi poni al foco e fa che habbi il tuo pignolado sustagno o tele che habbi boglito con il galetto e cosi al foco che sia caldo con il vitriolo messeda con la mano, e come si fa, quando si laua uno panesello voltando nella ditta tintura menandolo per mano, e struccola, e dapoi rinoua il bagno in acqua galetta due e tre volte, tanto chel venghi bello a tuo modo, si che venghi secondo che ti pare alla discrettione chel sia bon colore.
To dye homespuns or fustians and linen or skeins in black. (p. 99)
First give the gall with the vitriol. Take as much gummed water as suffices and strain it. As it commences to boil put in the vitriol and make it boil for the space of two miserere. Remove the fire and set it to cool. Then set it on the fire and have ready your homespun, fustian, or linens which you have boiled with the gall and keeping warm on the fire mix with the vitriol by hand, as is done when one washes a small cloth, turning it over in said dyebath, treating it by hand. Squeeze it. Then renew the bath in gall water two or three times, until it becomes beautiful to your liking, so that it becomes according to your discretion that it is of good color.

A far acqua che tingie negro. (p. 12)

A far acqua che tingie negro. (p. 12)
Rx vitriol Romano, onze 3. Goma Arabicha, onze 3. Galla lire 1. Lume de rocca, onze 3. Phalernij, onze 8.
To make water that dyes black. (p. 101)
Measure Roman vitriol, 3 ounces. Gum Arabic three ounces. Galls 1 pound. Roche alum 3 ounces. “Phalernii,” eight ounces.

A fare acqua negra. (p. 12)

A fare acqua negra. (p. 12)
Rx Sugo de scorze de nose fresche: Sugo de pomi granati Goma Arabica: de tutte queste tre cose onza mezza. Vitriol Romano, onze 2. Et lambica e farai acqua negra.
To make black water. (p. 101)
Measure juice of shells of fresh walnuts, juice of pomegranates, gum Arabic; of all these three things, half an ounce. Roman vitriol, 2 ounces; and distill and you will make black water.

Tentura negra. (p. 13)

Tentura negra. (p. 13)
Rx scozzi de oui in quantitade e falli bollir in acqua chiara tanto che calli la mitta, e dapoi torrai for a li scozzi e ritorna lacqua al foco e piglia limatura de ferro, e molatura de mola galetto, si che queste robbe siano onze. 2 lume de rocca onze mezza: goma Arabicha lisia fortissima, e vrina bumana si che dala goma a lacqua sia due onze e fa boglier che calli la mita e questa e bona tintura negra.
Black dye. (p. 102)
Measure shells of eggs in quantity and make them boil in clear water until it drops by half. Then you remove the shells, and return the water to the fire. Take filings of iron and grindings from the milling of galls so that these things are 2 ounces, roche alum half ounce, gum Arabic, very strong lye, and human urine so that the gum and the water be two ounces. Make it boil till it drops to half and this is good black dye.

Negro bellissimo. (1) (p. 13)

Negro bellissimo. (1) (p. 13)
Rx letrigerio ben poluerizzato sopra il marmoro calcina vina non extinta e ponila in acqua communa per porcione e fa negro bellissimo. Item litrigerio aureo lisia fortissimo, e fa boglir quello vogli detro, e sera negro. Item letrigerio argeteo uno terzo, e calzina viua lire.2. e fa bolgir in acq e fa negro bellissimo.
Very beautiful black. (p. 102)
Measure litharge well powdered on the marble, live lime not spent, and put it in common water in proportion and it makes very beautiful black. Also, golden litharge, very strong lye, and make boil what you want inside and it will be black. Also silvery litharge one third, and live lime 2 pounds and make the water boil and it will be a very fine black.

Negro bellissimo. (2) (p. 13)

Negro bellissimo. (2) (p. 13)
Rx ossi de perseghi senza mandole e brusali e fa di quella cenere distempera con oglio de lino e farai boglir quello che vorrai dentro venire negro bellissimo.
Very beautiful black. (p. 102)
Measure some stones of peaches without the almons and burn them. Make of them ashes and blend it with linseed oil. Boil what you wish inside to become very beautiful black.

Negro bellissimo. (3) (p. 13-14)

Negro bellissimo. (3) (p. 13-14)
Rx Galla. Scaglia de ferro. Sal comun. Zerra sigillata. Vetriol romano. Garofoli. Feretto de Spagna. Piombo limato.
Very beautiful black. (p. 103)
Measure galls. Scale of iron. Common salt. Argil, roman vitriol, “garofoli”. Ferret of Spain. Lead filings.

Negro bellissimo. (4) (p. 14)

Negro bellissimo. (4) (p. 14)
Rx Oglio dolcelire.1. Galla istriana lire meza, e poni in una padella la gallo tanto che la frizzi e che sia crepada e dapoi cauala for a e ponila sopra una tauola de albedo per tre giorni accio che si sughibe e poi pesta in uno mortar che sia poluerizata, e poi piglia vitriol Romano lire meza Feretto de Spagna e Archenda, onze 2. Sal comun, onze.3. vin negro quanto voi e fa boglir.
Very beautiful black. (p. 103)
Measure sweet oil, 1 pound, galls of Istria, half pound, and put the gall into a pan until it sputters and that it bursts. Then take it out and set it on a table of whiteness for three days so that it dries well. Then pestle in a mortar until it is pulverized. Then take Roman vitriol half pound, ferret of Spain, “archenda,” 2 ounces, common salt 3 ounces, black wine as much as you wish and make it boil.

Negro bellissimo. (5) (p. 14)

Negro bellissimo. (5) (p. 14)
Rx acqua piouana, lire meza, Litrigerio aureo, Litrigerio argeteo, lire.2. Cenere de rouere, e fa boglir fin che calla la mitta, et goma Arabicha dentro, et fa negro.
Very beautiful black. (p. 103)
Measure rain water, half pound. Golden litharge, silvery litharge, 2 pounds, ashes of oak and boil till it drops by half and gum Arabic inside, and it makes black.

Negro bellissimo. (6) (p. 14)

Negro bellissimo. (6) (p. 14)
Rx tintura de Caligheri, inchiostro, lume de rucca, oglio comun.
Very beautiful black. (p. 103)
Measure tincture of “caligheri”, ink, roche alum, common oil.

Negro bellissimo. (7) (p. 14)

Negro bellissimo. (7) (p. 14)
Rx boraso, radice de Rutha, goma Arabica, cenere de ceruo, et lisia, ouer acqua, si che basti.
Very beautiful black. (p. 103)
Measure borax, root of rue, gum arabic, ashes of hartshorn, and lye or water to suffice.

Negro bellissimo. (8) (p. 14)

Negro bellissimo. (8) (p. 14)
Rx salnitrio, vitriol Romano, et lambica, lacqua che uscira fara negro.
Very beautiful black. (p. 103)
Measure sal niter, roman vitriol and distill and the water that exits will be black.

Negro. (1) (p. 14)

Negro. (1) (p. 14)
Rx acqua de foglia, calcina viua, et messeda insieme et fa boglir quello che vorrai, che venira negro.
Black. (p. 103)
Measure extract of leaves, live lime and mix together and make it boil as you will, that it comes black.

Acqua che fa la carne negra. (p. 14)

Acqua che fa la carne negra. (p. 14)
Rx sal armoniago, goma Arabica, onze meza, acqua comuna, bocal mezzo, et fa negro: et a lauarsi va via.
Water that makes flesh black. (p. 103)
Measure sal ammoniac, gum Arabic, half ounce, common water half “bocal”. Make [yourself] black, and by washing yourself it goes away.

Negro. (2) (p. 14)

Negro. (2) (p. 14)
Rx galetto pesto: lire una: vitriol onze.3.solphare vino onze.6.lisia forte onze.11. faua piccolo fa boglir et lauati con quella acqua et andara via il negro.
Black. (p. 103-104)
Measure crushed gall one pound, vitriol 3 ounces, live Sulphur 6 ounces, stong lye 11 ounces, small bean. Make it boil and wash yourself with that above water and away will go the black.

A far color negro. (p. 14)

A far color negro. (p. 14)
Rx limatura de azzale: scozzi de pomi granati: lume de rocca:brasilio:et tutte queste cose vole essere boglite in aceto fortissimo fina ch cali el terzo.
To make a black color. (p. 104)
Measure filings of steel, shells of pomegranates: roche alum: brazi: and all of these things need be boiled in very strong vinegar till it drops by one third.

Negro mirabile. (p. 15)

Negro mirabile. (p. 15)
Rx feza de oglio de lin calizene de forno lire.1. scozze de nose verde onze.4. e come ti vorrai far negro, bagnati con questa acuqa: e lassa sugar che parerai uno saracino. Al rimedio Litrigerio argenteo onze.6. salnitrio onze .2. sal armoniago, onze .4. acqua de sal comun, onze .4. aceto fortissimo, lire.2. Et metti ogni cosa in una pignatta a boglir, e come ti vorrai fare netto, lauati con questa acqua, e subito andara via la tenta.
Admirable black. (p. 104)
Measure dregs of linseed oil, some soot of furnace 1 pound, shells of green walnuts 4 ounces. If you wish to make yourself black, wet yourself with this water and let it dry and you will seem a Saracen. The remedy, silvery litharge 6 ounces, sal niter 2 ounces, sal ammoniac 4 ounces, extract of common salt 4 ounces, very strong vinegar 2 pounds. Put each thing in a pot to boil. When you wish to become clean, wash yourself with this water and instantly the color will go away.

Tentura negrissima general. (p. 15)

Tentura negrissima general. (p. 15)
Rx galetto Istriano, vitriol Romano, feretto de Spagna, molatura de ferro, sugo de scorzi de pomi granati, sugo de scorzi de nose, fezza de oglio de lin, oglio comun, acqua de foglio, solphare zalo, litrigerio argenteo, Loporosa, Capitello da tentori, falerno, aceto fortissimo, tintura de galletto, inchriostro fino, zalamina.
Versatile deep black dye. (p. 104)
Measure Istrian gall, Roman vitriol, ferret of Spain, grindings of iron, juice of skins of pomegranates, juice of walnut shells, dregs of linseed oil, common oil, extract of leaves, yellow Sulphur, silvery litharge, “corporosa”, dyers’ solution, falerno wine, very strong vinegar, tincture of gall, fine ink, brine.

A tangier azze negre. (p. 15)

A tangier azze negre. (p. 15)
Rx uno poco de galla rotta, e lassala boglir in uno pignatino con acqua e come lhauera boglito uno poco, caua via tutta la galla, e mettili dentro al tretanto vitriol Romano, quanto fu la galla, e uno poco de goma Arabica, e dalli uno boglio, e metti dentro le tue azze, e lassa bogli uno poco e hauerai bono lustro, e negro.
To dye skins black. (p. 104)
Measure a little crushed gallnut and allow it to boil in a small pot with water. When you have boiled it a little, take away all the gallnuts and put into it as much Roman vitriol as was the gallnut, and a little gum Arabic. Give it one boil and put in your skeins and allow it to boil a little, and you will have good luster and black.

A fare berette negre. (p. 16)

A fare berette negre. (p. 16)
A dodese lire de berette:va una lira de galla: vitriol Romano: lire una e meza: goma Arabica: oze una e meza: e a berette:lire.100. galla e vitriol lire.10.meza, e meza:goma Arabica: lire una: e che boglia insieme una hora e meza con le berette: e voltale con uno bastone spesso quando che boglieno forte: e dagli foco repossato: ouer temperato: e che le staga larghe: e come hanno boglito una hora e meza con la galla tirale fuora della caldara e mettile in una corba a scolar e suentolarle fina tato che mudi lacqua della caldara e metti in quella acqua le berette e falli bon foco e mettili nelle dodese ouer per ogni dodese:lire una e meza de vitriol: e come la caldara vole boglir: mettili le berette dentro e falle trar doi bogli e messedala come da prima: e poi toralle fuora e mettile in una cesta a colare e dapoi cauale fuora e ventolale come da prima: e in questo mezzo che si rafredano aggiongi acqua nella caldara e fa bon foco e metti cioe aggiongi meza lire de vitriol: e fina tanto che si sfrediscono fa scaldare ditta acqua e vitriol con del fauon trido ouer rassato e messeda le ditte berette in quella acqua: e se li voi dare o odore mettili uno poco de I(?)rios.

To make berets black. (p. 105-106)
To twelve pounds of berets goes one pound of gallnuts, Roman vitriol one and a half pounds, gum Arabic one and a half ounces. To berets 100 pounds, galls and vitriol 10 pounds, half and half gum Arabic one pound, to be boiled together one hour and a half with the berets. Turn them with a stick often when they boil strongly, and give them a soft temperate fire. And they must stay spread. When they have boiled one hour and a half with the gall, pull them out of the cauldron and place them in a wicker basket to drain. Fan them until you have changed the water in the cauldron and placed into that water the berets. Make a good fire and put for the twelve pounds, one and a half of vitriol. As the cauldron nears the boil, put the berets inside and make them reach two boils and stir as at the first. Then take them out and put them into a basket to drain and then remove them and fan them as before. And in this manner as they cool, add water in the cauldron and make a good fire and put in, that is add, half a pound of vitriol. While they are cooling give heat to said water and vitriol with some soap chipped or flaked and stir said berets in this water. If you want to give them odor put in a little “irios”.

A tenger panni, ouer berrette in negro. Secreto del bressano. (p. 17)

A tenger panni, ouer berrette in negro. Secreto del bressano. (p. 17)
Rx panno, ouer berette apeso lire.100.aceto e acqua, che pesa lire.150.foglia, e moladura apeso lire.10.goma arabicha, lire.1.
Partissi in questo modo: Prima poni la foglia in uno caldaro e poi li poni la foglia nellacqua, e lo aceto, e messeda molto bene, e dapoi fa buttar dentro il panno e messeda bene, e riuoltalo bene, e che sia coperto de aceto e de acqua: e fallo boglir per una hora e mezza: e poi caualo for a e lassalo sorar: e poi piglia la moladura e ponila in uno mastello: e mettili sopra acqua: e messeda molto bene: e fa andar la foglia de sotto: e la moladura restara in lacqua, e suodarai quella acqua e mettila nella caldiera: e messeda molto bene, e dapoi butta dentro il panno, e fallo boglir una hora e mezza e lissalo: e come lha preso il color a tuo modo caualo for a e fallo sorar, e poi li poni la goma arabicha, e messeda molto bene, e metteteli dentro il ditto pano p un hora e mezza, e poi caualo, e fallo lauar e sugar. Measure woolen cloth or berets by weight 100 pounds. Vinegar and water, by weight 150 pounds, leaves, and grindings by weight ten pounds, gum Arabic one pound.
To dye woolen cloth or berets in black (secret of Bressano). (p. 106-107)
Divide in this manner: first place the leaves in a cauldron and then place the leaves in the water and the vinegar, and mix very well. After, throw in the cloth and mix well, and turn it over well, and that it be covered with vinegar and the water. Make it boil for one hour and a half and then take it out and let it cool. Take grindings and place them in a tub, and put over them water, and mix very well. Make the leaves go under and the grindings will remain in the water. Empty out that water and put it into the cauldron. Mix very well and then throw in the cloth, and make it boil one hour and a half and swish it. When it has taken the color to your liking, remove it out and make it cool. Then give it the gum Arabic and mix well and put in said cloth for one hour and a half. Then remove it and have it washed and dried.

A far color negro. (p. 20)

A far color negro. (p. 20)
Rx limatura de ferro ouer de azzale: scorzi de pomi ingranadi: lume de rocha e brasilio: e queste cose falle boglir nello aceto fortissimo tanto che rimangha il terzo.
To make black color. (p. 110)
Measure filings of iron or of steel, skins of pomegranates, roche alum and brazil. These things you boil in very strong vinegar until the remainder is one third.

A fare berette negre bone e vaghe a locchio. (p. 23)

A fare berette negre bone e vaghe a locchio. (p. 23)
Quando che lacqua comenza a boglir gettali dentro la foglia della valonia, e stando uno quarto de hora gettali dentro le berette, se sonse lire.8. de berette, mettili lire.2.vitriolo: e fa boglir una hora e meza, e poi tirale fuora e lassale sfredir: e poi butta in la caldara soldo uno de goma e poi torna le berette dentro: e lassale boglir una hora e mezza: e metti dentro il vitriol e lassale boglir una hora e meza: e in questo mezzo cauale for a una volta o due secondo che ti pare a te: e falle lauar al canal ut supra.
To make berets a good black and comely to the eye. (p. 113)
When the water begins to boil throw in leaves of “valonia” and after standing a quarter of an hour throw in the berets. If there 8 pounds of berets, put in 2 pounds of vitriol, and boil one and a half hour. Take them out and allow them to cool, and then throw into the cauldron one “soldo” of gum and turn the berets inside and let them boil one hour and a half. During this half take them out once or twice according to what seems to thee, and have them washed in the canal as above.

A tenger lana biancha in negro. (p. 29)

A tenger lana biancha in negro. (p. 29)
A far lire.50.de lana negra cioe alla grossa piglia lire.8.de galla alla grossa che sia pesta e metti sopra uno bagno de acqua chiara quando la metti in la caldara e quando vuole boglire cioe quado e aponto messeda e metteli dentro la lana e stangheggiala un poco e lassala boglir uno quarto di hora e cauali il foco e lassala stare una hora o piu a ripossare dentro ditta lana e poi cauala fora e getta via il bagno e poi habbi lire.30.de scorza di bonaro alla grossa e mettili a moglia il di auanti e poi falle boglire hore due e cola il bagno. Nott ache sopra il ditto bagno metterai mastelli tre di acqua di foglia tolli lire.12.de vitriol et compartisselo in tre siade pigliane lire.4.et distemperalo et torrai uno mastello de acqua de foglia et mettila sopra il tuo bagno fatto di scorza et poi quando venne per rompere il boglio messeda et metti dentro la lana et stanghela bene et falla boglir meza hora et poi cauala et forala distesa per terra, poi rifrescha il ditto bagno lire.4.di vitriol et uno mastello di acqua de foglia et tieni la soprascritta maniera, e poi sfredissela, ouer sorala, e poi fa cosi la terza siada, si come hai fatto la prima, e la seconda e cauala e lassala sfredire e falle ben lauare. Nota se ti volesti dar gomma Arabicha torrai lire.2. sopra la ditta lana e copartissela in tre siade, e come hai fatto la ditta opera dalli pur il drian bagno. Notta seli volesti dare lire due de lume de feza sei di robia, e falla boglir hora meza e poi cauala e bauerai belissima lana er sera per sostenere il colore.
To dye white wool in black. (p. 119)
To make 50 pounds of black wool, that is, in bulk, take 8 pounds of gallnuts in bulk, that is pestle and put into a bath of clear water. When you put it into the cauldron and as it reaches the boil, that is when it is on the point, mix and put in the wool and paddle it a little. Let it boil a quarter hour and remove the fire and allow said wool to stay inside an hour or more at rest. Then take it out and throw away the bath. Then have 30 pounds of bark of alder, roughly, and put it to soak the day before and then make it boil for two hours and strain the bath.
Note that over the said bath you will pour three tubs of water of leaves. Take 12 pounds of vitriol splitting this in three parts. Take 4 pounds and dilute them and take a tub of water of leaves and put it over your bath made of bark. Then when it is about to break the boil, stir and put in the wool and paddle it well. Make it boil half an hour and then remove it and cool it spread out on the ground. Then refreshen said bath [with] 4 pounds of vitriol and a tub of water of leaves and keep to the above written manner. Then cool it and do thus the third time as you did the first and the second, and remove it and let it cool and have it well washed.
Note if you wish to give gum Arabic, take 2 pounds on the said wool and divide into three parts and as you have done said work give it thus three baths. Note, if you wich to give two pounds of alum of lees, you will carry out the same partition. Then make a clear bath and put about six pounds of madder and make it boil a half hour and then remove it and you have beautiful wool and it will be able to keep its color.

A fare la ditta lana negra alla grossa. (p. 29)

A fare la ditta lana negra alla grossa. (p. 29)
Rx Vitriolo Todescho lire.12.lume de fezza lire.4.lume de roccha lire.4. Et delle ditte robbe fanne bagno de vino marzo se ne puoi bauere che sia negro, se non bianco, e fallo teuido, et poi metteli dentro le ditte cose et falle disfar, ouero falle disfar in uno mastello, et mettile nella caldara et poi messeda bene dauantaggio et come vuole boglir metti suso la lana et stangheggiala bene et poi falla boglire hore due et piu, se vedi che bisogna et poi lassa stare da uno di a laltro innanci che laui la lana et cosi facendo bauerai lana ben tenta di negro.
To make said wool black in bulk. (p. 119-120)
Measure German vitriol 12 pounds, alum of lees 4 pounds, roche alum 4 pounds. And of these said things make a bath with soured wine if you can get some that is black, otherwise white. Make it tepid and then put inside the said things and make them dissolve, that is, make them dissolve in a tub and put them in the cauldron and then stir well to advantage. And as it wants to boil, put in the wool and paddle it well and then make it boil two hours, or more if you see it needs it. Then let it stay from one day to the other before you wash the wool, and thus doing you will have wool well dyed in black.

A fare tenta negra in lana panni, o seda o altro tieni questa maniera. (p. 30)

A fare tenta negra in lana panni, o seda o altro tieni questa maniera. (p. 30)
Rx per ogni lire apeso sia lana, panni, seda, o altro piglia lire una de galetto pesto, et lire .6. de goma Arabica pesta, et metti in una caldara co lacqua chiara, et quando comenza a boglire butta la lana dentro, o sia pano in caldara, et tussala bene sotto al continuo: et fa boglir meza hora et poi cauala for a et lassala bene giozolare et sfredire, et poi torrai vino negro marzo a bastanza, secondo il lauoriero che vorrai fare et metti nella caldara et falli foco sotto, et quando comenza a apizar il boglio torrai lire 12.di vitriol Todescho, et mettilo in una secchia, et in moglia, et fallo di sfare nel vino benissimo, et buttalo nella caldara, et dapoi torrai lire.8.di lume de fezza, et falla disfar nel ditto vino come festi il vitriol, et metti nella caldara et fa bon foco sotto, et quando la caldara comenza a boglir buttali dentro la lana ouer panno, et tussa bene sotto, et stangheggialo di auantaggio et tienlo ben sotto et lassarai boglir hora una e mezza, et dapoi cauala fuora et distendila per terra et falla forare et lassala star da uno di a laltro a lauare et hauerai belissima lana. Nota che a fare la ditta lana per ogni centro lire bisogna da quattro barili de vino che puo esser da secchi vinti venetiani in.25. e vino negro, e se cosi farai, farai senza lume de fezza che vorrai esser lire.8. e se non puoi havere vino negro, ne torrai de bianco, e farai il bagno di scorza de bonaro, e il terzo di acqua de foglia, o piu, o manco lana che vorrai far compatissi il bagno et la maestra et haverai bella lana di bon colore.
To make black dye on wool, cloth, or silk or other, follow this manner. (p. 120-121)
Measure for each hundred pounds by weight, be it wool, cloths, silk, or other, take on pound of gall pestled, and 6 pounds of gum Arabic pestled and put into a cauldron with clear water. When it begins to boil, throw the wool inside, or if woolen cloth, in the cauldron, and poke it well under continually, and make it boil half an hour. Then take it out and let it well drain and cool and then you will take black soured wine, to suffice according to the load you wish to do. Put it into the cauldron and make fire below. When it commences to reach the boil you will take 12 pounds of German vitriol and put it in a bucket to soak and make it dissolve in the wine very well and throw it into the cauldron. Then later take 8 pounds of alum of lees and make it dissolve in said wine as you did for the vitriol, and put into the cauldron and make a good fire below. When the cauldron commences to boil throw in the wool, or the cloth and poke it well under and paddle it to advantage and keep it well beneath. You will let it boil one and a half hours, and then take it out and spread it on the ground and let it cool. Let it stay from one day to the next to wash, and you will have beautiful wool.
Note, that to make said wool, for each hundred pounds there are needed four barrels of wine which can be of twenty Venetian buckets to twenty-five and black wine, and if you do thus you can go without the alum of lees that would be 8 pounds. If you cannot have black wine take some white. You make the bath of bark of alder and one third of water of leaf. For more or less wool that you want to make, divide up the bath and the master and you will have nice wool of fine color.

A tengere seda in color negro bello e finissimo. (p. 42-43)

A tengere seda in color negro bello e finissimo. (p. 42-43)
E quando che haverai cotta seda che volesti fare negra non bisogna che la inlumini, ma per farla negra tenerai il modo come intenderai.

Nota che ogni seda che vorai tengier non vole esser insolfarada pche volendola fare negra piglierai la seda cosi cotta e mogliada, e quando che la fosse sutta e fa che inmogli in lacqua et che habbi una caldara che tegni tante secchie de acqua quante lire de de seda, et mettila nella ditta caldara de acqua: et poi habbi la seda con le sue piolle et mettila nella ditta caldara e farai foco sotto et falla boglir per spacio de mezza hora: et questo vole esser la sera che la mattina la voresti fare negra: et quando la seda hauera boglito con la galla nella caldara come dissi per spacio de meza hora valla voltandio accio che non se asianda in quella meza hora: e poi leuali il foco de sotto della caldara et lassa stare la ditta seda nella caldara fina la mattine pur che stia sotto lacqua et la mattina caua la seda et lauala molto bene et tozzendola forte a mano, o alla cauia, et questa seda sera ingalata: et fa che habbi una caldara per fare il corpo del negro: et fa che la sia tanto granda che giudichi che te basti secondo la seda che voresti tengere, et impila de acqua, poi mettili dentro per ogni lire de seda che vorrai fare negro lire una de vetriolo romano et lireuna e meza de limatura de ferro et onze sei de goma arabicham et tutte queste cose, et tutte queste cose falle boglir nella ditta acqua per spacio de uno ottauo de hora de modo che le ditte cose siano disfatte: et poi la mattina come e ditto si piglia la seda che hauerai ingallata et mettila nella caldara doue hauerai messe le sopraditte robbe: cioe il vitriollo: la limatura et la goma arabicha et farai boglir per spacio de meza hora tutta via voltandola con le mazette suttile come si costuma et con le mano et poi habbi la tua cauia sopra la caldara et cauara fora la ditta seda quando lhauera boglito et torzi la ditta seda dapoi lhauera boglito per spacio de meza hora et ponila a refredare nel loco che hauerai eletto per questo seruitio: et come sera fredda: e similmente tornala nella caldara et refalla boglire per spacio de uno terzo de hora et cauala fora al preditto modo et ponila a refredare, et se la ditta seda non te paresse essere venuta tanto negra come voresti: piglia oze 3.de vitriollo.onze.6.de limatura, et onze doi di gomma: et mettila nella caldara doue et fatto lo corpo negro, et messeda bene ogni cosa insieme et poi refa fuoco sotto: et rimetti dentro la ditta seda et falla boglir per spacio de una hora secondo che a te pare bisogno: sempre voltandola accio che no se siandi: et quando il colore te piacesse et chel fosse sta dato il terzo foco et ponila alla cauia et torzila come facesti lalrta volta, et ponila a sfredire, et come sera fredda lauala bene quanto te parera: poi ponila a sugar sopra quelle mazette solite slargando le masse che si possi sugar per dentro et hauerai belissimo negro tento in la seda come si osserua nellarte dilla tentoria et tenirai questo ordine: et quando per caso la ditta seda a quelli tre fuochi la non fosse venuta ben negra come voresti lassela star nella ditta caldara per spacio de due ouer tre hore sotto il negro nella ditta caldara perche la acquistara assai piu negro: et dapoi lauala come e ditto di sopra torcendola alla cauia prima sopra la caldara del negro: et quando volesti che la seda che hauerai tenta fosse morbia, impercho chel negro la fa ruuida: habbi la nauicella doue si alumina la seda: et ponili drento tanta acqua calda che a te pare che basti, et nella ditta acqua poneli sapone de seda tanto che basti: et fallo disfar bene, e questo se pone a descrittione: et poi piglia la seda lauata et ponile con le cappie, et valle voltando nella ditta acqua calda, che e il sapone liquefatto, rt valle voltando et struccolando ditte masse, due, ouer tre volte con le mano remenandole tanto che le lassi il ruuido, et manizela, se la sera venuta molesina lauela et torzela alla cauia, falla sugar come si solita sopra le mazette. Chora che se vorrai tangier alcuni colori bisogni che la seda se allumini de biancho et che non habbi toccata solfere, ouero stata al fumo de esso solfere: et per volerla alluminare piglia una caldara de acqua, et scaldala, et poi piglia una lira de lume de roccha per ciascaduna lira de seda che tu vorrai tangier ouero alluminar, et ponerai la luma nella ditta caldara, et va remenando dentro con uno bastone in modo che sia ben disfatta, et poi habbi una stamegna, et cola la ditta acqua de lume nella nauicella doue vorrai alluminar la seda: et poi poni la seda nelle mazzette come si osserva, et piglia tante sechielle de acqua, quante lire de seda vorrai tangier: e poni nella ditta nauicella de lacqua de lume, et metti dentro la seda sopra le mazette ouer impantinarla: et valla voltando con la mano sopra la nauicella, due ouer tre volte molto bene: et questo vole essere la sera auanti che la mattina vorrai tenzer: et torra che lhauerai due, ouero tre volte fa stare la ditta seda sotto lacqua alluminata, et lassala stare tutta la notte p fina a quella hora che vorrai tangier, et auanti che la tengi pigliarai la ditta seda, et valla a lauare al fiume ouero canale, molto bene torzela due o tre volte a mano per fine che la lauerai, et incespela al piu che tu poi bene cosi come festu a luminarla sopra li pallicelli.
Et nota ogni seda che allumini fa che la allumini da freddo, et perche la seda ha corpo, bisogna che la stia assai nellacqua de lume, et tanto piu alluminando a fredo, et per questo rispetto sconuiene stare nela lume otto ouer diece hore al manchom et dapoi metti la sera auanti che la vorrai ten potrai hauer bisogno secondo li colori che vorrai tengiere.
To dye silk in black color beautiful and very fine. (p. 132)
When you will have cooked silk that you wish to dye black you need not mordant, but to dye it black you follow the way that you understand. Note that each silk that you want to dye does not require sulphuring. Wanting to make black, you will take the silk just cooked and soaked and when it is dry, see that it be soaked in water. Have a cauldron that holds as many buckets of water as pounds of silk you want to dye black. Take one pound of gallnuts dor each pound of silk and put into said cauldron some water. Then take the silk with its sticks and put them into the said cauldron and make a fire below and make it boil for space of a half hour. And this will be the evening, because the next morning you will want to dye black. When the silk has boiled in the gall in the cauldron as I said, for the space of half an hour, keep turning it over so that it does not tangle in that half an hour. Then take away the fire from under the cauldron until the morning provided it stays beneath the water. In the morning take out the silk and wash it very well and wring it strongly by hand or on the hook, and this silk will be galled. And have ready a cauldron to do the body of the black and see that it be as large as you judge that suffices according to the silk that you want to dye. Fill with water and then put inside for each pound of silk that you want to dye black, one pound of Roman Vitriol and one and a half pounds of filings of iron and six ounces of gum Arabic. Then all these things you boil in said water for a space of eighth of an hour so that the said things be dissolved. The next morning, as is said, you take the silk that you have galled and put it in the cauldron where you will have put the above said things, that is the vitriol, the filings, and the gum Arabic. You will make it boil for a space of a half hour always turning over with the thin rods, as is the usage, and with the hands. Have ready your hook above the cauldron and take out the said silk when you have boiled it. Wring the silk which has boiled for the space of half an hour and set it to cool in the spot that you will have selected for this work. When it is cold return it similarly to the cauldron and make it again boil for the space of a third of an hour and take it out in the aforesaid manner and set it to cool. If the said silk does not seem to you have become as black as you wanted, take 3 ounces of vitriol, 6 ounces of filings, and two ounces of gum and put them in the cauldron wherein is made the base black. Stir well everything together and rebuild fire beneath, and replace inside the said silk. Make it boil for the space of one hour according to what you believe it needs, always turning it so that it does not tangle up. When the color pleases you and it has been given the third fire, put it on the hook and wring it as you did the other time. Set it to cool and when it is cool wash it well as much as you think. Then set it to dry over those usual sticks, sprading out the masses so that they can dry well inside and you will have beautiful black, dyed on the silk as is observed in the art of dyeing. You will keep this order.
When by chance the said silk in those three fires has not become good and black as you wanted, let it stay in said cauldron for a space of two or three hours under the black in said cauldron so it acquires much more black. Then wash it as was told above, wringing it on the hook, first over the cauldron of the black. When you want that the silk you dyed to be soft, because the black makes it harsh, have ready the small vessel where you mordant the silk and put inside as much hot water as you think suffices. In said water put in soap of silk as much as it nees, and make it dissolve well, and this is put in at discretion. Then take the washed silk and set with the loops and go turning them in said hot water so that the soap liquefies. Go turning and squeezing the said mases, two or three times, treating them with the hands until harshness leaves them. Try it and when it has become soft and nice, wash it and wring it on the hook and have it washed as usual on the pegs.
Now if you want to dye some colors, one needs that the silk be mordanted in the white and that it have not touched sulphur or been to the fumes of this sulphur. Wishing to mordant, take cauldron of water, heat it and then take one pound of roche alum for each and every pound of silk that you want to dye or alumate. You will put the alum in said cauldron and treat inside with a stick so that it be well dissolved. Then have a bunting and strain the said water of alum into the vessel where you wish to mordant the silk. Then set the silk on the pegs as one observes, and take as many buckets of water as are pounds of silk you want to dye and put in said vessel some water of alum. Put inside the silk on the pegs or immerse and go turning it over by hand over the vessel, two or three times very well. This must be done the evening before, because the next morning you will want to dye it. And having wrung it two or three times allow said silk to stay beneath the alumed water and leave it stay all the night until that hour that you wish to dye. Before you dye it you will take the said silk and for and was it in the river or canal, wringing it very well two or three times by hand until you have washed it. Spread it as much as you can thoroughly, as you did when you alumed it on the sticks. And note, each silk that you mordant, see that you mordant in the cold. And since silk has body, it must remain long in the water of alum and much more if mordanted cold. Though in this respect it is inconvenient, stay in the alum for eight or ten hours at least. And so put it the evening before that you want to dye it, to get the alum. And be advised not to throw away the said water because you may have need depending on the colors that you will dye.

A fare tentura negra per tengier sede per fare panni de seda. (p. 49)

A fare tentura negra per tengier sede per fare panni de seda. (p. 49)
Prima cuoci la sede bene come e ditto nella regula auanti dil tenger sede e mettila nella caldara dellacqua che sia chiara con li pallicelli e falli fuoco sotto, e piglia per ogni lira de seda sazi cinque de gomma arabicha laqual gomma sia ben pesta e gettala nella caldara sopraditta, e falla ben boglir per spacio de mezza hora. Et poi piglia lire de una galla per ogni lira de seda e fa che la sia pesta e mettila nella caldara sopraditta e falla boglir uno quarto de hora, e nota che habbi apparechiata lacqua frescha e come metti il galletto nella caldara aggiongeli lacqua frescha, perche non lo facendo la caldara andaria de sora e il galletto se spanderia, e lassa boglir come di sopra e ditto uno quarto de hora, poi caua il fuoco disotto la caldara e metti dentro la seda e valla voltando per caldara come festi quella della gomma per spacio de una hora al mancho tre quarti de hora, e dapoi lassala stare la notte nella caldara con la galla, e poi la mattina cauala fuora e mettila sopra li paleselli come fai.

Item a fare il color negro per la ditta seda, Rx. Uno secchio de vino negro che sia marzo e che sia ben negro: e dellacqua piouana una secchia per lira, e non potendo hauer tutto vino torrai mezzo vino e mezzo acqua, e per ogni lira de seda torrai una torrai una lira de vitriol todescho e sazi sette de limatura de ferro tamisada per ogni lira de seda: Item onze tre de gomma arabicha per ogni lira de seda, e farai bogli per mezza hora, e poi leuali il fuoco de sotto e piglia paleselli con la seda e caccia la seda nella caldara e anderai voltando con le mano spacio de tre quarti de hora, e dapoi caua fuora la seda e mettila a sfredire in terra per un pezzo e ritornala unaltra siada nella preditta tenta e voltala per spacio de meza hora, e poi mettila nella tenta a modo che se alumina la seda e lassala star quattro hore e poi cauala fuora la seda e mettila sopra li paleselli e metti fuoco sotto la caldara e mettila dentro per mezza hora e poi caua il fuoco di sotto, e habbi apparecchiato dellacqua in uno mastello e lauala a mana mano sette ouer otto volte per mane e poi lauala al fiume molto bene almancho per vinti volte, e incespala molto bene accio che ensa fuora ogni catiueria, e poi habbi apparecchiato onze.2. de sapone biancho per ogni lira de seda e falla boglir in acqua secodo la quatita della seda e metti a disfare il sapone nellacqua chiara, e fa una saponada a tutta la quantita della seda e poni la saponada a tiuidar in una caldara, e quando vorrai lauar la seda nella ditta saponada fa che la non sia ne calda ne fredda, e valla lauando e menando per man almancho dodeci siade si che sia bene insaponata, e poi fa che habbi uno mastello de acqua chiara, e resenta la seda in questo mastello slauazzandola e menandola per mano in questa acqua almancho quattro volte, e poi lauala al fiume ouero al canale come si solita in questa nostra Citta di Venetia, e hauerai color perfetto.

To make black dye to dye silk to make cloths. (p. 140-141-142)
First cook the silk well as said in the rule before dyeing silk. Put it into the cauldron in water that is clear, on the rods, and make a fire below. Take for each pound of silk five “fazi” of gum Arabic, which gum be well pestled and thrown into the cauldron above said. Make it boil well for the space of half an hour. Then take one pound of gallnuts for each pound of silk and see that it be pestled and put it into the cauldron above said. Make it boil one quarter hour, and note that you will have ready some fresh water as you put the gall into the cauldron adding to it the fresh water, because not doing so the cauldron would go upward and the gall would spill. Let it boil, as is said above for one quarter of an hour. Then remove the fire below the cauldron and put in the silk and go turning it through the cauldron as you did that if the gum for a space of an hour or at least three quarters of hour. Then let it stay the night in the cauldron with the gall and then the morning take it out and put it over the rods, as you know.
Also to make the color black for said silk. Measure a bucket of black wine that is rotten and that be well black, and some rain water for each pound of silk. If you should not have wine, you will take of rain water one bucket per pound. Not being able to take all wine you may take half wine and half water, and for each pound of silk you take one pound of German vitriol and 7 fazzi of filings of iron sifted, for each pound of silk. Also three pounds of gum Arabic for each pound of silk, and you will make it boil for a half hour. Then take away the fire from below and take the rods with the silk and poke the silk into the cauldron and you will go turning over with the hands for space of three quarters of an hour. Then take out the silk and set it cool on the ground for a while and return it for another time into the before said dyebath. Turn it over for the space of half hour, and then put it in the dye in the manner as one alums the silk. Let it stay four hours and then take it out and put it over the rods and set fire under the cauldron and put it inside for half an hour. Then take away the fire below, and have ready some water in a tub and wash it by hand to hand seven or eight times by hands. Then wash it in the river very well at least twenty times, and steep it very well so that all impurity comes out. Then have set up 2 ounces of white soap for each pound of silk and make it boil in water according to the quantity of the silk. Put to dissolve the soap in the clear water, and make a soaping for all the quantity of the silk and set the soaping to become lukewarm in a cauldron. When you want to wash the silk in the said soaping, see that it not be either hot or cold, and go on washing and treating by hand for at least twelve times so that it will be well soaped. Then have a tub of clear water, and rinse the silk in this tub, swishing it about and treating it by hand in this water at least four times. Then wash it at the river or at the canal as usual in this our City of Venice, and you will have perfect color.

A Tenger Seda in color negro. (p. 55-56)

A Tenger Seda in color negro. (p. 55-56)
Piglia per ogni lira de seda una lira de galla ben pesta et falla boglir in una secchia de acqua et come lha boglito unhora piglia la seda et mettila in quella acqua et lassala star hore vintiquatro et poi torcila et lassela sugar et poi si fa negro in questo modo. Piglia vino forte cio aceto de vino negro secchio uno: lire otto de galla et lire una de vitriollo romano: onze tre de gomma arabicha et fa boglir queste robbe insieme mezza hora: et poi torrai la seda et menala per la ditta tenta parrechie volte et lassela stare nella ditta tenta una notte et poi cauala: et torrai tanata acqua che ha uno secchio, cioe tanta che possi bagnar la ditta seda tenta: et metti nella ditta acqua uno bochal de aceto et bagna ditta seda et valla menando per mano in quella acqua et aceto messedato: et questo si fa accio che questa mistura roda la tintura della seda et torzila et lauala nellacqua si che sia ben netta dalla tenta, et mettila sopra la cauia et torzi ditta seda si che venghi a tuo modo: et dapoi mettila nellacqua de sauone dolce cioe tanta acqua chiara et torrai del sapone biancho et rassalao nela ditta acqua chiara che la sia tanta che possa bastare a star dentro la seda et mettila al fuoco et scaldela et metti dentro il sapone che se disfazza et lassa rafredare il sapone et lassalo dentro una notte la ditta seda nella savonada et la mattina caua la seda et poi lauala alacqua chiara et lassala sugar allobra buono et auertissi che non si da la saponada saluo a quella seda che va tenta de negro et laltra non.
To dye silk in black color. (p. 148)
Take for each pound of silk one pound of gallnuts well pestle and make it boil in a bucket of water. When it has boiled one hour, take the silk and put it in that water and let it stand twenty four hours. Then wring it and allow to dry, and then you will make black in this manner.
Take strong wine, that is vinegar of black wine, one bucket, eight pounds of gallnuts and one pound of Roman vitriol, three ounces of gum Arabic and make boil these things together a half hour. Then take the silk and handle it through the said dye several times and let it stay in the said dye one night and then take it out. You will take water, that is one bucket that is as much as could immerse that dyed silk and put into said water a “buccal” of vinegar. Wet said silk and go treating it by hand in that mixed water and vinegar; this is done so that the mixture consumes the dye of the silk. Wring it and wash it in water so that it will be well cleaned of the dye. Put it on the hook and wring said silk so that it comes to your liking. Then put it into water of soft soap, that is much clear water and then take some white soap and grate it into said clear water that is enough to suffice to have inside the silk. Put it on the fire and heat it and put it in the soap so that it dissolves. Let the soap cool and let said silk stay inside one night in the soaping. In the morning take out the silk and then wash it in clear water. Let it dry in the shade and not in the sun and then set it on the hook. Note also that black soap is good and be advised that one gives no soaping except to that silk which is dyed in black and not the others.

Acqua che tengie in negro o veli o fazuolli o ninzoletti. (p. 60)

Acqua che tengie in negro o veli o fazuolli o ninzoletti. (p. 60)
Rx. Galla lire una e pestala ben e mettila a boglir in uno secchio de acqua e falla boglir tanto che la calli le doi parte: e come lhavera boglito metti dentro il tuo velo ouer faciol o quell drapo de seda o bauelle che vorrai: e lassa boglir per una hora: e metti a star cosi sopra la cenere per un giorno naturale o poco mancho e dapoi laua li tuoi veli e faranno negri. Dapoi piglia limatura de ferro rugine lira una: Gomma arabicha onze quattro: vitriol romano onze tre. Et pesta e metti a boglir per una hora e lassa sfredir e caua fuora e laua dapoi che sara sfredido e lassa sugar.
Water that dyes in black veils or handkerchiefs, or light linens. (p. 153)
Measure one pound of gallnuts and pestle it well. Put it to boil in a bucket of water and make it boil so much that it drops by two thirds. When it has boiled, put in your veil or handkerchief or that cloth of silk or floss silk that you want, and let it boil for one hour. Set it to stand thus over the embers for a natural day or little more. Then wash your veils and they will be black. The take filings of iron rust one pound, gum Arabic 4 ounces, Roman vitriol three ounces. Pestle and put to the boil for one hour and let it cool, and take out and wash after it is cold and allow to dry.

A tengere pelle in color negro. (p. 68)

A tengere pelle in color negro. (p. 68)
Rx. Lire una de galla franta cioe pesta, e falla boglir almancho una hora, e dpaoi leuala dal fuoco, e con uno penello dagli due penellade per pelle della ditta acqua, e lassala sechare a lombra, e come sono sutte piglia anchora di questa acqua e con il penello tornala a tenger, e dapoi fatto questo piglia dello aceto fortissimo e fallo boglir con del ferro marcido detro si chel ferro non sia bon da fare altro seruitio e che lo aceto sia due ouer tre deda di sopra dello ferro e come lha boglito quattro hore leualo dal foco e lassalo sfredire e dapoi con questo aceto boglido dalli due alter manizade alle sopraditte pelle con il penello e ponele a lombra, e dapoi piglia il strissador e lissale che faranno negre negrissime.
To dye skins in black color. (p. 163)
Measure one pound of crushed gallnuts that is pestle. Make it boil at least one hour, and then take it from the fire. With a brush give it two strokes per skin of the said water and leave it to dry in the shade. When they are dry take again of this water and with the brush return to dye them. Then having done this, take some vinegar, very strong, and make it boil with some rusty iron inside so that the iron was not good for any other service, and that the vinegar be two or three fingers above the iron. When it has boiled four hours take it from the fire and allow to cool. Then with this boiled vinegar give two or more hands to the above said skins with the brush and set them in the shade. Take the polisher and stroke them that they become black, very black.

A tenger pelle negre. (p. 69)

A tenger pelle negre. (p. 69)
Rx la tentura dil color della seda negra, se vorrai tenger bel color negro e messeda con oglio delin, e farai bella tinta. Il colore sie questo, galla pesta vitriol Romano, vitriol Todescho, limatura de ferro, si che tutte queste robbe siano una lira, e fa boglir queste robbe insieme a far color per la seda, tengi prima la seda, e le fondachie che sono a fondo tegerai le pelle.
To dye skins black. (p. 164)
Measure the dye of the color for black silk if you want to dye a fine black color. Stir with linseed oil and you will make fine dyeing. The color is this: gallnuts pestled, Roman vitriol, German vitriol, filings of iron, so that all these things are one pound. Make these things boil together to make color for the silk. First dye the silk, and the settlings on the bottom are to dye your skins.

Ti fare una pelle negra. (p. 70)

Ti fare una pelle negra. (p. 70)
Dapoi che hauerai fatta una pelle berettina volendola fare negra torrai uno poco de oglio cioe de oliua: e altratranta lissia forte: e metti ogni cosa insieme in una scudella o altro valo, e piglia il tuo penello: e dalli una mano di questa tintura cioe loglio et lissia insieme e sagala a lombra e dal li il lustro fara fatta negra.
To make a skin black. (p. 165)
After you have made a skin gray, if you want to make it black, you will take a little oil, that is oil of olive, and as much again of strong lye. Put each thing together in a basin or other vessel. Take your brush and give it one hand of this dye, that is oil and lye together. Dry in the shade, and give them the polish and it will be made black.

Tintura negra per pelle. (p. 74)

Tintura negra per pelle. (p. 74)
Rx galetto menuto piccolo e Crespo per ogni pelle onze una: e per ogni onze una scudella de acqua chiara e fa boglir tanto che calli de quattro parte una e lassa sfredir ditta acqua tanto che la tiuida e poi metti la tua pelle dentro, e dapoi struccola e falla sugare, e poi piglia una scudella de fezza de molatura e mezza de scaglia de ferro e una inghistera de aceto bianco, e onze una de vitriol Romano e che bogliano insieme, si che facia color negro, ma che non boglia troppo e cauala dal foco e colalo benissimo: e fa che la tua pelle sia distesa bene, e dalli sopraditto color de galla e lassala sugare e dalli da laltra banda altra tanta tenta che la sera negra e dalli cosi fino a quattro siade si che habbia bon color e menele p mano bene, si che le venghi morbide e laltra matina fa che pigli una scudella de lisia, ouer lisiazzo, e ponili de loglio che la se morbidera co ditta lisia, e dagline co il penello ala pelle di qlla maistra ouer lisia, e va menado la tua pelle per mano, e lassala seccare, e vederai bel color negro e vagho a locchio.
Black dyeing on skin. (p. 169)
Measure galls minutely small and crisp, for each skin one ounce. For each ounce, a basin of clear water and make it boil so much that it drops of four parts one. Allow said water to cool so that it is tepid. Then put your skin inside and squeeze and dry. Then take one ladle of dregs of filings and a half of scale of iron and a flask of white vinegar and one ounce of Roman vitriol and that they boil together so that it makes black color, but that it does not boil too much. Take it from the fire and strain it very well. See that your skin is spread out very well. Give them the above said color of gall and let it dry and give it on the other side as much dye again that it will be black. Give them thus up to four times so that it gets good color. Knead them by hand well so that they become soft. The next morning take a ladle of lye or thick lye and put in some oil which will soften with the said lye. Give some with the brush to skin, of that master or lye and knead your skin by hand. Allow to dry and you will see a fine color, black and comely to the eye.

A fare pelle beretine o negre. (p. 75-76)

A fare pelle beretine o negre. (p. 75-76)
Rx.onze mezza di vitriol Romano: onze mezza de galla pesta suttilmente e poni di lacqua che se conza il corame quanta basta e fa bogli insieme con il galletto e vitriol cosi tiuida daralli sopra la pelle dalla banda dil neruo e non bisogna che la laui altramente: ma conzala cosi schietta: e se la vorrai negra dalli due mano: ma per ogni volt ache vorrai darli laltra mano lassa sugar la prima si che la pelle sia sutta dalla tinta e venire negra e tenerai la regula di la recetta sopraditta de tenzer le pelle rosse cioe che siano incamozade: e conze et poi piglia il penello et dalli la tenta leggiermente et sara fatta.
To make skins gray or black. (p. 171)
Measure half an ounce of Roman Vitriol, half an ounce of gallnuts pestle finely and put in some water to prepare the leather, enough for its needs. Boil together the gall and the vitriol. While tepid, apply it to the skin on the side of the sinerv, and it is not necessary that you wash it otherwise, but dress it just as it is. Should you want it gray, give it one hand of color and if you want it black give it two hands, but each time that you want to give it another hand, allow the first one to dry, so that the skin is dry of the color, and it will become black. You will keep to the rule of the recipe above said for dyeing the skins red, that is, that they be tanned and dressed. Then take the brush and give them the color lightly and it will be done.

A fare pelle negre incamozade. (p. 81)

A fare pelle negre incamozade. (p. 81)
Piglia onze quattro de galla pesta e falla boglir in tre mezette de acqua de foglia di quella che se tengie li cosami e lassala tanto boglir che calli il terzo e poi tiralla via dal foco e lassale ben forar e come la sara uno poco fredda torrai di quella acqua mettine in uno cadinello e habbi la pelle e distendila sopra una tauola e dalli il color della galla ouer lacqua de galla con la sedola ouer penello e danne tante alla pelle quanto le receue, ouer sorbe, e poi mettile a sugar e come le ben sutta stropizzala e poi habbi lo auanzo della ditta acqua boglida che ha calda e buttali dentro onze due de vitriol Romano e messeda ben insieme e poi danne alla pelle una mano e mettile a sugar e come sara sutta stropizzala e come vedi che la sia seccha o che la sia sutta stropizzala et habbi una sedola con uno poco de oglio de oliua et lisia communa et sbatti ben insieme chel venire a modo de brodo biancho et ongi la tua pelle con questa mistura et sara viua negra e come lhauerai a tuo modo, mettila a sugar e come la sara sutta stropizzala e tirala e sara bellissimo negro e vero questo e il modo de scopia che se tingeli cordouani fini.
To make black tanned skins. (p. 177)
Take four ounces of gallnuts pestle and make it boil in three small mezette of water of leaf of that for dyeing leathers. Let it boil so much that it drops by one third. Then pull it away from the fire and let it air well. When it is a little cool take of that water and put some in a small basin. Have the skin spread on a table and give it the color of the gall or the water of gall with the brush or bristles. Give as much to the skins as they can receive, or absorb, and then set them to dry. When well dry, rub them. Have the remainder of the said water boiled so that it is hot, and throw into it two ounces of Roman vitriol. Stir well together and then give one hand to the skin. Set them to dry and when dry rub them. Then give one other hand of dye to advantage and thus for three or four times return to dye. Each time you must dry it, rub it and when you see that it gets harsh or that it is dry, rub it. Have a bristle with a little oil of olive and common lye and beat up together that it becomes to the manner of white broth. Smear your skins with this mixture and they will be bright black. When you get it to your liking, put it to dry and as it is dry, rub it and pull it and it will be a beautiful black. Really this is the manner of Skopia with which one dyes the fine cordovans.