The fifth Eoofi Wherein is fhown the true way to mafc pafh for Emeralds Eop as Cbryfàlitc, Ia.cintb^ Saphyre, (farnat, Eynarinc, and other colours j of fo much plcafant- nefs and beauty 0 that they furpafs the fame natural ftoncs in all things 5 except bardnefs.
H’lth a new Chymical wjj ÇncDer yet vjeef) to make the faid pafs,taken out of lii2C Hollaildus^z/rf far excel¬ling all other pa fis that haVcbecn hi¬therto made, both in beauty & colour.
CHAP. LXXV.
I
Eelicve there arc few who defire, and feck not with all earneftnefs the know¬ledge ledge to imitate perfectly Emeralds, To¬
paz, &c. And in a manner all sorts of Jewels, which in colour, splendor, plea¬
santness and clearness, excepting hardness, excel the natural and Oriental, a thing ve¬ry delightful and pleasant.
Wherefore in this present Book I de¬scribe the means to make them, with the circumstances and diligence necessary to be used. There is no doubt but he who shall set himself to the work with dili¬gence, shall do much more than what I publish. The way lately practised by me, and taken from Isaac Hollandus, maketh pasts of incrcdible, and seemingly impos¬sible beauty and perfection. 'Tis true the work is somewhat long and wearisome, yet I that have many times performed it, say 'tis very facil and plain, and (that which is above all) this way is true. Wherefore all pains, expences, and char¬
ges employed in such a like work, ought to seem small and light.
The
The way to prepare natural Cry fall.
CHAP. LX XV I. |
T
Akc natural Cryftall the clcareft that is poftible,and put bv fireftones, Cal- cidonies, and Tarfo and other hard (tones, which though they Vicri fie, yet they make not fo clear, lucid and fhining ftoncs as na¬tural Crvftal doth. The faid ftoncs ufed to make counterfeit Jewels, though they take polifhing wonderfully, yec they al¬ways have fomething earthy, and obfeure in them. But Cryftall hath always fome¬thing, that’s aerial and tranfparcnt, and draweth near to the quality and nature of Jewels, efpecially thofc which are natural and Oriental. For they work far greater cffc&s than the Italian or Dutch. Take then works made of Cryftal, put them in Chrvfiblcs covered a: the top, fee them in burning coals till they be both well heated & tired,then fuddcnly caft the Cryftall into a very large pan, full of cold clear water.When the Cryftal is cold recal- cihe cine, and heat, and cast it into fresh clean water, repeat this 12 times, and be sure the ashes and filth be kept out of the Chrysible, and that the water be always ve¬ry clean. When the Crystal is well cal- cin 'd grind it to an impalpable powder as fine as the best wheaten flour, and that on a Porphyrie-stone, with a muller of the same, and then 'twill crumble and come to a flour, like refined sugar. If you pow¬der the Crystall in Brass mortars, with an Iron Pestle, you can make nothing there¬
with but a green Emerald colour. Grind not above a spoonful at a time, and this grinding and sercing must be often repeat¬ed, so long till no roughness remains, nor can be felt in the powder. For otherwise a past made thereof will give onely a durty and imperfect work, and will never be like natural Jewels. But if the Crystall be well ground 'twill make artificial gems, far excelling true natural stones in beauty, colour, clearness, splendor and po¬lishing. Make a good quantity of this ma¬terial that you may make all colours, for
this is the prime material to make all Arti- ficiall jewels, and shall be called hereafter Crystal prepared.
These rules often repeated by the Author take together.
1. That the whole be done cleanly, to this end lute all the pots wherein the Cry¬
stall is calcin'd, and wherein the pasts are baked with lute well dryed, before they beset to calcine or bake.
2. Take pots that will bear the fire.
3. Grind all on Porphyrie-stone,and not
in metal,to a most implapable powder,first singly, and then together.
4. Keep a just proportion in the dose of the Ingredients.
5. Mix the materials well before you bake them, and if the past be not sufficient¬ly baked the first time, bake it again a se¬cond time in the potters furnace, and never
break the pot till you see 'tis baked, for if you do the pasts will be foul, and full of blisters.
6. Leave the vacuity of a fingers thick¬ness in the top of the pot, especially where 'tis said it swels much, or that you must put it in leasurely, lest the materials run out
into the fire, or stick to the cover, and so make a foul colour.
How to make Oriental Emeralds.
CHAP. LXXVII.
T Ake of Crystall prepared two ounces, ordinary Red-lead four ounces, mix and incorporate them well together, good Verdigreas two peny weight, Crocus Mart is made with Vineger eight grains, Mix all well and set them in a potters furnace, in the hottest place thereof, as long as the fire lasts. To see whether the past be sufficiently baked and purified, clear and transparent, take onely off the cover made of lute, and if the past be pure and transparent to the bottom 'tis a sign 'tis baked enough. Other¬
wise relute, and bake it again, without breaking the pot for then the past will be full of points and blisters. Let the fire be continued 24 hours with dry wood.
I set up a furnace at Antwerp a purpose, wherein I kept 20 pots of divers colours, and with a fire in 24 hours melted and purified all of them, and to be the more secure, continue the fire six hours more, and and by this means the pall will be very well baked ,and little wood wafted. Thefe pads may be cut and wrought, in every thing, as ordinary Jewels, they wholly re¬ceive the fame polifhing and luftre, and are let in Gold with foiles, as the other commonly ate. This paft is harder than ordinary.
To make a deeper Emerald colour.
CHAP, LXXVI1I.
TAkc of Cryftall prepared an ounce,of * Ordinary Red-lead fix ounces and a half, mix them, and add,of Verdegreas a- bout three peny weight, and 13 grains, of Crocus Martis made with vinegcr 10 grains. Proceed according to the rules, and you fhall have a marvellous Emerald colour for fmall work?,and to be fet in Gold. This paft muft be baked more than ordinary, to waft that imperfe&ion which Lead ulu- ally gives; this paft is britlcr, but fairer than the former.
To ntakf a more beautiful paft for E- meraldf.
CHAP. LXXIX.
TAkc of Cryftall prepared two ounces, Ordinary Rcd-Iead (even ounces, mix and add to them of Perdegreas about ten grains to every ounce, and of Cr°cus Mortis made with Vinegar ten grains onely at a time, mix them and proceed according to rule, and you fhall have an Emerald paft for fmall works, very fair and beautiful, but not hard, by reafon of the plenty of lead. Wherefore bake it more than ordinary to take away the blackncls, and un&uofity Lead naturally yields.
sir.otber
Another moss fair Emerald.
CHAP. LXXX.
TA ke of Crystall prepared two ounces, ordinary Minium six ounces,mix them, and add of good verdigeas well ground 80 grains, mix and bake them for a most fair Oriental Emerald.
An Oriental Topaz.
CHAP. LXXXI.
T Ake Crystall prepared two ounces, or¬dinary Minium seven ounces, mix them, and bake them, for a marvelous Oriental Topaz, to work any kind of work you please, K 2 An
An Oriental Chrysolite.
CHAP . LXXXII.
Ake of prepared Crystall two ounces, T ordinary Minium eight ounces, mix them, and add of Crocus Martis made with Vineger 12 grains, mix and bake them more than ordinary by reason of the great quantity of lead.
Sky colour.
CHAP . LXXXIII.
T Ake of Crystall prepared two ounces, ordinary Minium five ounces, mix them, and add 21 grains of Zaffer prepa¬red and ground, remix and bake them for a most beautiful Sky colour.
A Sky with a Violet colour.
CHAP. LXXXIV.
T Ake of Crystall prepared two ounces, ordinary Minium four ounces and a half, mix them, and add about four grains of Painters Blew smalts, mix and bake them, this past will be a most fair Violet, and pleasant Sky-colour.
An Oriental Saphyre.
CHAP. LXXXV.
T Ake of Crystall prepared two ounces,or- dinary Minium six ounces, mix them well, & add of Zaffer prepared five grains, mix with the Zaffer of Manganese prepared seven grains, remix and bake them for an Oriental Saphyre, which will have a most beautiful Violet colour.
K 3 A
A deep coloured Oriental Saphyre.
CHAP. LXXXVI.
JAkc of Cryftall prepared two ounces, l- ordinary Minium five ounces, of Zafier prepared about 42 grains, add to the Zafier of Manganefe prepared eight grains, mix and bake them well, and they will make a deeper Oriental Saphyre , with a Violce colour of notable fairnefs.
*
dnOncntal Garnat.
CHAP. LXXXVII.
TAkc of Cryftall prepared two ounces, ordinary Minium fix ounces, mix them and add about I6 grains of Manganefe prepared, wherewith mix three grains of Zaffer prepared, mix them all togetherpnd Vake them for a moft fair & fightly Garnat.
A
A Deeper Oriental Ganiat.
CHAP. LXXXVIII.
TAkc of Cryftall prepared two ounces, ordinary Minium five ounces and a half, of Manganefe prepared 15 grains, where¬with mix four grains of Zajfer prepared, mix them all, this fwells much, bake them for an Oriental Garnat, which hath in it a very fair Violet colour.
'1
‘ - -
ylnotbcr fair Garnat.
CHAP. LXXXIX.
"J" Alee of Cryftall prepared two ounces, ordinary Minium five ounces, mix them, and add 5 2 grains of prepared, wherewith mix fix grains of Zajjer prepa¬red, mix them all well and bake them for an Oriental Garnat fairer than any of the former.
Obfervations for Pafis and their co¬lours.
CHAP. X C. /■
OBfervc,that the colours in the afore- faid pafts, may be made deeper, or lighter, according to the works they arc to be ufed for, and alfo the will and humour of the maker. Small ftoncs for rings, pern dants, and ear-rings require a fuller, but greater ftoncs, a lighter colour. No rules can be herein given, though .thofe given by me will give fome light to the curious Artift, to whofe judgement it muft be left, and who may find out and invent more and better colours. Bcfidcs I fet down here onely colours frem Verdigreas,Zafter* and Afanganefe. But a curious perfon and practical Chymift may extrad a wonder-ful Red from Gold, and another fair Red from Iron , from Brafs an exceeding fair Green,from Lead a Gold colour, from Sil¬ver a Sky-colour , and a much fairer from Gra.pats of Bohemia,which arc low-priz’d, ‘ . for
The fifth Book. *37 for being imall you may draw a tin&ure frotn them , as I have often done in Flan¬ders, and this doth notable effe&s. The fame may be done with Rubies, Saphyres and other Jewels. To write of thefe things would be a bufinefs too long for me, who fpeak fo clearly in this prelent work. But the colours abovefaid will make pleafant works.
The way to make the aboVefaid Pajls, and to imitate all forts of Jewels, marvelous and neDer ufed.
CHAP . XCI.
'J'His way which 1 have taken from Ifaac Hollandus, when I was in Flanders,to imitate Jewels, is not much ufed, and known perhaps to few perfons,and though it be fcmewhat laborious, Yet by how much 'tis more laborious 'tis fo much the fairer ^ and beautiful, than any made in any place whatfoevc-r to this day, or at leaft least not shewn to me by any person. Wherefore I will shew the manner to make them, so clearly, and with so many circumstances and observations, that any one versed in Chymistry will be easily ca¬pable thereof, and will do the work per¬fectly. Take Ceruss, otherwise call'd white lead, grind it very fine, and put it into a great glass body, and pour therein as much distil'd Vineger as will rise a palm above it. Observe that at first the vineger boils and swels, wherefore put it in by lit¬
tle and little, till all the fury and noise is gone. Then set the Vineger on a hot fur¬nace in sand, and evaporate away the eighth part of it, take it from the fire, and when the body is cold, decant leasurely the Vineger coloured enough, and impregna¬ted with salt, which set aside in a glass vessel, then pour more fresh distild Vine- ger on the Ceruss, and evaporate and de¬cant as before. Repeat this till you have extracted all the salt from the Ceruss, which is when the Vineger is coloured no more, nor hath any more taste of
sweetness, which usually succeeds the sixth time. Then Filtre these coloured Vine-gers gets mixt together, evaporate and dry • them in a glafs body, and the fait of Lead will be at the bottom of a white co¬lour. Which fet in land in a glafs bo¬dy from the neck downwards well luted, but the mouth of the glafs muft be open, and the furnace heated for twenty four hours continuance. Then take the fait out of the receiver, powder it, and if it be Yellowifh and not Red, fet it twen¬ty four hours in the fire, till it become as Red as Cinder. Make a good fire, but not to melt it, for then all your la¬bour and pains will be loft. Pour di- ftillcd Vinegcr on this Red-lead cal¬cin’d , repeating this work as before till you have ext railed all the fait from it, and feparated all the dregs and terreftrie¬ty in whole or in part. Keep thefe co¬loured Vinegers in earthen pans glafed fix days, that all the terreftriety and imper-1 fedion may fink to the bottom. Then | Filtre them, leaving the grofler part at the bottom as unprofitable, then cover the Vinegers in a glafs body, and there will remain at the bottom a moft white fait of lead, and fwcct as Sugar,which dry well 140 The fifth Book.
well and dissolve in common water, let the solution stand six days in glased pans, separate the terrestriety at the bottom, Filtre and evaporate as before, and there will remain at the bottom of the glass a salt as white as snow, and sweet as Sugar, Repeat this Solution, Filtration, and eva¬poration thrice. This salt is called Sac-charune Saturni. Which put into a fur¬nace into a body of glass in Sand, and at a temperate heat for many days, and it will appear calcin'd into a colour much redder than Cinaber, and as subtile and
impalpable as the finest serced wheaten flour. This is call'd the true Sulphur of Saturn purified from all terrestriety, foul- ness,and blackness which Saturn had at first in it self. Now when you would make pasts for Emeralds, Saphyres, Garnats, To¬paz, Chrysolite, Sky or any other co¬lour, take the same materials, colours, quantities as abovesaid in the former re¬
ceipts, except that instead of ordinary Red-lead, you shall take Sulphur Saturni, working; exactly in every thing as before And you shall have Jewels of marvel¬ous fairness in all colours, which very
fa far furpafs the forementioned , made with ordinary Red-lead. For this true Sulphur Saturni outgoeth all others, more than I write thereof, as 1 have feen, and often made it at Antwerp. Parts made with this Sulphur, have not that un- ftuofity and Yellowncfs, as the other ordinary ones have , which in time fhew their foulnefs , and the moifture and fwcatinefs which coming from within men much foil them , which happens not to thofe made with the faid Sul¬phur. Wherefore think not that pains much , which will be well rccompenfcd with the work and effeft.
How
• •
Hoiv to make Very hard pafl of all colours.
CHAP. XCII.
TAkc of prepared Cryftall ten pound,fait of Polverine fix pound, made as io Chap. 3. well dryed and ground on a Porphvrie, mix and ferce them well toge¬ther, ulphur Saturni two pound, mix thefe three powders in earthen pans glafed and clean, and with a little common water mike with them a hard paft, and of the paft little cakes , each weighing three ounces, with a little hole in the midftof them, dry thefe in the fun,& then calcine them in the higheft part of the potters fur-nace,or mother like fires, then powder and grind thefe cakes on a porphyrie, and ferce them fine, then fet them in pots in glafs fur¬naces, to purifie three days, and caft them into water, and return them to the furnace for 15 days to purifie, that all the foul- nefs and bliftjrs mayvanifh , and the paft remain moft pure, like natural Jewels. And more*
moreover this fort of pureft glafs will be tinged into all colours you defirc. For ex¬ample into an Emerald with Brafs thrice calcin’d, as is done in ordinary glafs,into a Sea-green , with Brafs calcin’d to rednefs, made as in Chap.24. and with Zajfer into a Topaz,into a Saphyre with Manganefe and Zajjer,intoYellow w'h Tartar & Manganefe, putting them in by parts, and into a Garnat alfo,with J/4»g<wr/eand Zajfer dividedly ut in. And indeed this part imitates all ewels and colours, and hath a wonderful fhining and luftre, And in hardnefs too it imitates the jewels, Efpecially the E- mcrald, which will be made moft fair and alraoft as hard as the true.